三角函数是数学中非常重要的部分,以下是一些基本的三角函数公式,这些公式在学习和应用中非常常见:
1. 和差公式:
sin(a ± b) = sin(a)cos(b) ± cos(a)sin(b)
cos(a ± b) = cos(a)cos(b) ? sin(a)sin(b)
tan(a ± b) = (tan(a) ± tan(b)) / (1 ? tan(a)tan(b))
2. 倍角公式:
sin(2a) = 2sin(a)cos(a)
cos(2a) = cos2(a) sin2(a) = 2cos2(a) 1 = 1 2sin2(a)
tan(2a) = 2tan(a) / (1 tan2(a))
3. 半角公式:
sin(α/2) = ±√[(1 cos(α)) / 2]
cos(α/2) = ±√[(1 + cos(α)) / 2]
tan(α/2) = sin(α/2) / cos(α/2) = ±√[(1 cos(α)) / (1 + cos(α))]
4. 正弦和余弦的倍角公式:
sin(3a) = 3sin(a) 4sin3(a)
cos(3a) = 4cos3(a) 3cos(a)
5. 正弦和余弦的和差化积公式:
sin(a) + sin(b) = 2sin((a+b)/2)cos((a-b)/2)
sin(a) sin(b) = 2cos((a+b)/2)sin((a-b)/2)
cos(a) + cos(b) = 2cos((a+b)/2)cos((a-b)/2)
cos(a) cos(b) = -2sin((a+b)/2)sin((a-b)/2)
6. 正弦和余弦的积化和差公式:
sin(a)cos(b) = 1/2 [sin(a+b) + sin(a-b)]
cos(a)sin(b) = 1/2 [sin(a+b) sin(a-b)]
cos(a)cos(b) = 1/2 [cos(a+b) + cos(a-b)]
sin(a)sin(b) = -1/2 [cos(a+b) cos(a-b)]
这些公式是三角函数学习中的基础,熟练掌握它们对于解决各种三角问题至关重要。